關於〈平王問鄭壽〉的時代問題
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><FONT size=3><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face=Calibri> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '新細明體','serif'; COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">上博六〈平王問鄭壽〉一篇的斷代問題比較少學者留意，今</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '新細明體','serif'; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">天大西克也教授發表</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '新細明體','serif'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">〈上博六《平王》兩篇故事中的幾個問題〉一文，閱讀後收穫良多，我同意大西先生的看法，但覺得還有些面向還可以再切入，在此談談一些不成熟的意見。</SPAN></FONT></P><P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '新細明體','serif'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT> </P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><FONT size=3><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"><FONT face=Calibri> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'MS Mincho'">何有祖先生曾指出：「從楚平王奢侈作風以及左尹、少師的危害，竹簡所記載對話應在楚平王爲政後期。」<A style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1" title="" href="http://www.guwenzi.com/AddTopic.asp?ForumID=5#_ftn1" name=_ftnref1><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'MS Mincho'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA" lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '新細明體','serif'; COLOR: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">，</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '新細明體','serif'; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">大西克也先生贊成此說，並指出「</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '新細明體','serif'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 細明體; mso-hansi-font-family: 細明體; mso-bidi-font-family: 'MS Mincho'">平王十年、十一年此二年份，楚國連續失利，這種情況非常合乎簡文所說『</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'MS Mincho'">禍敗因重於楚邦』，估計平王和鄭壽的答問的時間應離平王十一年不遠。平王十二年是比較平和的年份，沒有打仗。從簡文後文『明</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體">歲，王</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 細明體; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'MS Mincho'">見鄭壽。鄭壽出，居路以須王，與之語少少。王笑曰：『前冬言曰：邦必亡，我及今何若？』』看，鄭壽警告王的第二年也比較平和，平王和楚國也安祥無事<SPAN style="COLOR: black">。因此我推測，《平王問鄭壽》描述了平王十一年和十二年的故事，即平王在宗廟問鄭壽是平王十一年（前<SPAN lang=EN-US>518</SPAN>年）的冬天，平王再去看鄭壽是平王十二年（前<SPAN lang=EN-US>517</SPAN>年）。</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: '新細明體','serif'; COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-themecolor: text1">」</SPAN></FONT><A style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2" title="" href="http://www.guwenzi.com/AddTopic.asp?ForumID=5#_ftn2" name=_ftnref2><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style=
<P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: '新細明體','serif'">大西克也：〈上博六《平王》兩篇故事中的幾個問題〉，<SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black">2009</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black">華語文與華文化教育國際研討會</SPAN>，玄奘大學中文系，<SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">2009</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">年<SPAN lang=EN-US>12</SPAN>月<SPAN lang=EN-US>11</SPAN>日</SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: '新細明體','serif'"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">何不貼一下，嘉惠學林<IMG src="Editor/Emotion/5.gif"></SPAN></SPAN></P>
是故事发生的时代，不是文本写作的时代，一开始我误会了。
<P><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">我关于《史记》研究课的期末作业中的一句话，大概写于2007年8月：</SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">景平王就是楚平王，“景”、“平”都是平王的谥号，属双字谥法。<A style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1" title="" href="http://www.gwz.fudan.edu.cn/ShowPost.asp?ThreadID=2457#_ftn1" name=_ftnref1><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA" lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A>平王问郑寿的背景是“祸败因重于楚邦”，当是指平王十年、十一年吴伐楚之事，即上引《楚世家》的那一段记载。则这段问答应发生在楚平王十一年或之后。楚平王在位十三年，《平王问郑寿》下文又记平王第二年与郑寿的问答，则这段对话只能发生在楚平王十一年或十二年。</SPAN><FONT size=3 face=宋体> </FONT></P>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoFootnoteText><A style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1" title="" href="http://www.gwz.fudan.edu.cn/ShowPost.asp?ThreadID=2457#_ftnref1" name=_ftn1><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA" lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体" lang=EN-US> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">李零：《楚景平王与古多字谥》，《传统文化与现代化》<SPAN lang=EN-US>1996</SPAN>年<SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN>期，<SPAN lang=EN-US>23</SPAN>—<SPAN lang=EN-US>27</SPAN>页。</SPAN></P>
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<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 23.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-para-margin-left: 2.28gd" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 中图宋体"><FONT face="Times New Roman">（平王）十年，楚太子建母在居巢，</FONT></SPAN><A style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1" title="" href="http://www.gwz.fudan.edu.cn/ShowPost.asp?ThreadID=2457#_ftn1" name=_ftnref1><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA" lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"></FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 中图宋体"><FONT face="Times New Roman">开吴。吴使公子光伐楚，遂败陈、蔡，取太子建母而去。楚恐，城郢。初，吴之边邑卑梁</FONT></SPAN><A style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2" title="" href="http://www.gwz.fudan.edu.cn/ShowPost.asp?ThreadID=2457#_ftn2" name=_ftnref2><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" lang=EN-US><SPAN styl
<P><FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #c7edcc">与海天兄想法一致。<IMG src="http://www.guwenzi.com/Editor/Emotion/1.gif"></FONT></P>
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