說南昌西漢海昏侯墓新出木楬的“絹紈”
本帖最后由 老学生 于 2015-11-30 01:35 编辑 <br /><br /><p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" align="center"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 22pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black"></span> </p><p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" align="center"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 22pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black">說南昌西漢海昏侯墓新出木楬的“絹紈”</span></p>
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<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black">江西南昌海昏侯墓新出如下一方木楬：</span><a title="" name="_ednref1" href="#_edn1"><span><span style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: super"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black"><span><span style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: super"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black">[①]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a></p>
<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" align="center"><span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black"><img style="HEIGHT: 316.5pt; WIDTH: 239.25pt" border="0" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/11/30/20151130012403288001.jpg"></span></span></p>
<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black">前四行釋文爲：</span></p>
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<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 23.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体; COLOR: black">紫丸（紈）上衣五</span></p>
<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 23.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体; COLOR: black">綠丸（紈）上衣十</span></p>
<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 23.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体; COLOR: black">絹丸（紈）上衣四</span></p>
<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 23.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体; COLOR: black">□丸（紈）上衣二</span></p>
<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black">其中，“紫”字爲熊長云、朱子瑾二位先生所釋，“紫”字左上“止”旁依稀可辨</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: white; COLOR: #333333">。</span></font><a title="" name="_ednref2" href="#_edn2"><span><span style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: super"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; BACKGROUND: white; COLOR: #333333"><span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: super"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; BACKGROUND: white; COLOR: #333333">[</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: white; COLOR: #333333">②</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; BACKGROUND: white; COLOR: #333333">]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><font style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: white; COLOR: #333333">而</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black">“絹紈”一詞則值得略加探討。</span></font></p>
<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black">我們注意到：“絹紈”同列，而“紈”既已說明材質，則“絹”很可能不是指質地。參考前文之“紫紈”、“綠紈”之例，“絹”字可能也是一種顏色。</span></p>
<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black">古籍中“絹”確有顏色之義。《急就篇》卷二有“烝栗絹紺縉紅繎”一句，顏師古注曰：</span></p>
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<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 23.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体; COLOR: black">烝栗，黃色若烝孰之栗也。絹，生白繒，似縑而疏者也。一名鮮支。紺，青而赤色也。縉，淺赤色也。紅，色赤而白也。繎者，紅色之尤深，言若火之然也。</span><a title="" name="_ednref3" href="#_edn3"><span><span style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: super"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体; COLOR: black"><span><span style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: super"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体; COLOR: black">[③]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a></p>
<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black"></span></font> </p>
<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black">《急就篇》將“絹”與諸多表示顏色的詞並列，亦當指繒帛之顏色，顏注解釋爲“生白繒”與此不類，恐非。而且，漢代的絹指未漂湅的泛黃色之帛，與顏注所謂“生白繒”不同</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">。</span></font><a title="" name="_ednref4" href="#_edn4"><span><span style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: super"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: super"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'">[</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">④</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'">]</span></span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black">按《說文·糸部》謂：“絹，繒如麥䅌。”段玉裁注於其後校補一“色”字，又說：“䅌者，麥莖也。繒色如麥莖，青色也。”其說甚是。《急就篇》之“絹”應當就是指麥䅌色。因此，上引海昏侯墓木楬之“絹紈”應當就是指麥䅌色之紈。</span></p>
<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; COLOR: black">此外，第四行首字已難以辨認，但也很可能是表示顏色之詞；而第五行首字可能是“白”字，“白丸（紈）”亦與前四行之“紈”並列。</span></p>
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<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><a title="" name="_edn1" href="#_ednref1"><span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'">[</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">①</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'">]</span></span></span></a><font style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">見“須菩提小朋友”微博，</span>2015<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">年</span>11<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">月</span>29<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">日，</span>http://weibo.com/3039510991/D67MtpqeH?from=page_1005053039510991_profile&wvr=6&mod=weibotime&type=comment#_rnd1448814316767<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">。</span></font></p>
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<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><a title="" name="_edn2" href="#_ednref2"><span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'">[</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">②</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'">]</span></span></span></a><font style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">此蒙熊長云兄告知，</span>2015<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">年</span>11<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">月</span>29<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">日。</span></font></p>
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<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><a title="" name="_edn3" href="#_ednref3"><span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'">[</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">③</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'">]</span></span></span></a><font style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">史游著、顏師古注、王應麟補注《急就篇》，嶽麓書社</span>1989<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">年。</span></font></p>
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<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><a title="" name="_edn4" href="#_ednref4"><span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'">[</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">④</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'">]</span></span></span></a><font style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">參孫機《漢代物質文化資料圖說》（增訂本），上海古籍出版社</span>2008<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">年，</span>70<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">頁。</span></font></p>
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<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"></span></font> <font style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312"> <font style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 仿宋_GB2312">2015年11月30日凌晨急就</font></font></p>
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</div> 按前人关于绢所表示之颜色，有白色（颜注“生白缯”之色）、青色（段注）、黄色（孙机先生所说泛黄色之帛之色）等說法，再加上麥䅌（即麥莖）在不同成長時期顏色亦不相同，因此“绢”究竟指那种颜色，尚待进一步考察。不过，据《急就篇》、《说文》及段注，绢可以用来表示某种颜色是可以肯定。 《廣韻》：“绢，縑也。”《說文》：“縑，幷絲繒也。”《釋名》：“縑，兼也，其絲細緻，數兼于布絹也。細緻染縑爲五色，細且緻，不漏水也。”《漢書·外戚篇》：“媪爲翁須作單縑衣。”注说：“縑即今之絹也。”從这一記载来看，“绢”或许是指兼有五種颜色的彩色，是一種华丽的布料。 “絹紈”之“絹”當指黃色。
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