释逆
本帖最后由 华山之狐 于 2015-8-22 14:58 编辑 <br /><br /><p 10.5pt\? FONT-SIZE: Roman\?; New \?Times FONT-FAMILY: 0pt; MARGIN: justify; TEXT-ALIGN: inter-ideograph; ?TEXT-JUSTIFY:> <p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">释“逆”</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><img width="25" height="36" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/08/22/20150822145840654001.png"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">1</span><img width="32" height="38" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/08/22/20150822145840863002.png"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">2</span><img width="28" height="39" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/08/22/20150822145840365003.png"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">3</span><img width="24" height="40" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/08/22/20150822145841066004.png"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">4</span><img width="35" height="35" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/08/22/20150822145841064005.png"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">5</span><img width="34" height="38" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/08/22/20150822145841107006.png"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">6</span><img width="35" height="34" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/08/22/20150822145841352007.png"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">7</span><img width="20" height="36" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/08/22/20150822145841545008.png"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">8</span><img width="26" height="38" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/08/22/20150822145842512009.png"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">9<font face="宋体">古文逆。</font></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">《说文》屰：不顺也。从干下屮。屰之也。鱼戟切。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">《说文》逆：迎也。从辵（辶）屰声。关东曰逆，关西曰迎。宜戟切。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"> 《甲骨文字典》：罗振玉曰：“屰为倒人形，与逆字同意”。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">不想多举例，因为对“逆”字的解读太多了。总觉得人们把简单的问题复杂化了。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">下面，我把前面所列九个古文“逆”字简简单单的分析如下，敬请方家批评。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">第一，九个逆字大多带有“止”“彳”“行”等部首，尤其逆字从“辶”，可见这字和行走有关。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">第二，屰字的结构如何分析，这是关键。我把它分为上下两部分，上为</span><img width="32" height="26" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/08/22/20150822145842459010.png"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">，下为</span><img width="27" height="34" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/08/22/20150822145843114011.png"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">。先分析下边。下边其实是一个倒“巾”字</span><img width="27" height="34" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/08/22/20150822145843056012.png"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">，</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><img width="26" height="33" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/08/22/20150822145843838013.png"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">巾字什么意思？巾是进（城）的本字。从冂从丨，冂（<font face="Times New Roman">jiǒng</font><font face="宋体">）为城门，丨为人们进城的轨迹。对这个字，我在拙文《进城与不许进城》中已经分析的比较充分。我在此仅举三个证据。</font></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span>一、</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">内，进城前大家一路，故轨迹为一丨；进城后各奔东西，故轨迹就分了叉。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span>二、</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">不，巾字上加一横就是不字，这一横应是城门后的大门栓。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span>三、</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">布，从父（古文从又从斧）从巾，以武力抗拒敌人，不许入城。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">认为证据不充分的，请参看拙文《进城与不许进城》。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"> </p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">进城的巾字，在屰字里为什么要倒过来呢？那是因为进城办事却碰上了不许进城的情况，于是只好打道回家往回走，巾字倒过来写应该表示这个意思。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"> </p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">第三，上边的</span><img width="32" height="26" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/08/22/20150822145843179014.png"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">是什么意思呢？其实那是一个倒写的冂字</span><img width="30" height="25" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/08/22/20150822145843058015.png"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">。人们进城面对城门，那自然是一个正写的城门；当人们背对城门离开的时候，脑后的城门也就颠倒了形象，成为倒置的了。似乎先民担心仅仅用一个倒巾字还不能表达清楚回家的意思，所以又加了一个倒置的城门，表示离城门而去。还有人更是在城门里加了一个口字（逆<font face="Times New Roman">8</font><font face="宋体">逆</font><font face="Times New Roman">9</font><font face="宋体">）这就是倒置的冋字了。冂字加口（冋）加土（坰）无非是为了强调它和城有关。</font></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"> </p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">第四，最后再结合逆字的意义来分析。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">本来想进城办事，辛辛苦苦一路赶来却不让进城，所以逆字有“不顺当”的意思，如逆境、逆耳；</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">与进城相比，回去时是不是“方向相反”，所以逆字有反向之义，如逆流、逆行；</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">面对迎面而来的进城的人，打道回家和出城迎接是不是情形差不多。所以逆字又引申出“迎”义，如逆旅、逆战。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"> </p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">不顺、反向、迎等义项恰恰是逆字的应有之义。</span></p>
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<p></p> 本帖最后由 华山之狐 于 2015-8-22 15:00 编辑 <br /><br /><p>不知何因，图片发不上去。</p>
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<p><font style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt">谢谢管理员修复了软件。</font></p> <img border="0" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/08/30/20150830210723705.jpg">
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