华山之狐 发表于 2015-6-19 21:35

请教一个字

<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt">请教一个字</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt">古文善</span><img width="42" height="51" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/06/19/20150619213301286001.png"><img width="45" height="51" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/06/19/20150619213301459002.png"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt">。从羊从二言。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt">非常不理解,羊与善有什么关系。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt">言与善有什么关系。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt">二言,一般应该表示很多的言。这很多的言跟善又有什么关系。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt">言,从辛从口。辛表示一种古代武器,加上口字咋就成了言。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt">第二个古文善,下边的言字从干,干也是古代兵器,加个口字也竟然成了言。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 14pt">希望得到大家的指教。</span></p>

xzjgw 发表于 2015-6-20 16:57

本帖最后由 xzjgw 于 2015-6-20 17:02 编辑 <br /><br /><p><span style="font-size: 14pt;">这里需要注意几个基础问题:首先,相关文字观念的历时性,即避免使用后世观念对“原始文字观念或文字基础意义”的前置。其次,那些原始文字观念与文字基础意义的确定,一定要建立在古人原始思维之上,并且不能够将其“类属化”观念做具体化或限定化解释。在此前提之下,还要注意原始汉字是由两个以上的相对大范围观念(大类属)的相互限定(即会意)而构成的比之更小或更细的范围观念(小类属)。这是解决问题的关键或基础。</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 14pt;">例如,所谓“干”,就不能以什么“武器”去限定,因为“干”是一个类属观念,凡符合这个(《说文解字》释干:犯也。从反入。段注:反入者,上犯之意也。)类属范围的事物皆可表之,如“舌头”“树干”。</span></p>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><span style="font-size: 14pt;">所谓“口”,也不能以人之“嘴”去限定,金文“善”所从言演变为“干口”之舌,即是以人“嘴”限定“口”的结果,《说文解字》释舌,口所以言别味也。</span></p>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><span style="font-size: 14pt;">所谓“羊”,更不能以“动物”来限定其类属观念范围,羊从屮从昔(无日),读与昜同。“羊角”或“柳枝”或“干肉”或“日光”不过是“入入”之形的类属范围事物而已。故皆可表之。</span></p>
<p><br>
</p>
<p><span style="font-size: 14pt;">而我们在理解“辛”时,所谓“刀具”等限定皆无稽之谈,因为,辛从一(上)从干会意,就是前述的犯上类属观念。其最原始的形态来源就是倒△形,故其原始观念具有“尖锐”(石器)内涵。我们能够看到的古人“太阳”图示上一圈阳光三角形形态,即其不同位置方向的表达,所谓“羊”上的“入入”之形的原始观念也即如此,后世所谓“伏羲”神及文字“曦”,皆古人“太阳神”及其阳光观念的人格化与类属化表达。</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 14pt;">火盛之“炎”与競之“言”类同,味盛之“羴”与吉祥之“善”类同。</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 14pt;">羊大之美非限定于“动物羊”,羊我之義非限定于“我武器”,羊競之善</span><span style="font-size: 14pt;">非限定于“口语言”,其皆发根于原始“阳光”“繁盛”之“美義善”。</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><br>
</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 14pt;">啰嗦这些,欢迎讨论。</span></p>

华山之狐 发表于 2015-6-21 10:49

xzjgw 发表于 2015-6-20 16:57 static/image/common/back.gif
本帖最后由 xzjgw 于 2015-6-20 17:02 编辑 <p><span style="font-size: 14pt;"> ...

<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">谢谢先生赐教。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">我也粗疏的接触过一点古文字的皮毛,提一点看法望先生指正。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><img width="29" height="31" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/06/21/20150621104536974001.png"><img width="29" height="38" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/06/21/20150621104536077002.png"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">古文干。我以为是从丫从一,丫,象留叉</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">树干之</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">形,一或圆点指事:这里就是树干。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">《汉典》干:</span><span style="TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: rgb(255,255,255); LETTER-SPACING: 0pt; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal">象形。甲骨文字形,象叉子一类的猎具、武器,本是用于进攻的,后来用于防御。本义:盾牌)</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: rgb(255,255,255); LETTER-SPACING: 0pt; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal">干加田(田猎)或再加网则成为單或畢,所以说干是一种猎具,在这种意义上说它是用于进攻的。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><img width="42" height="49" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/06/21/20150621104536254003.png"><img width="53" height="48" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/06/21/20150621104536634004.png"><span style="TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: rgb(255,255,255); LETTER-SPACING: 0pt; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal">干还可用来守城。厂(石,</span><img width="21" height="32" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/06/21/20150621104536172005.png"><span style="TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: rgb(255,255,255); LETTER-SPACING: 0pt; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal">)是城墙(拙文《古文字与古城墙》已经论证),在这种意义上说是用于防守的。但解释为盾牌是不妥的。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: rgb(255,255,255); LETTER-SPACING: 0pt; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal">至于辛字,把它解释为兵器的,并非个别学者。我只是引用而已。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: rgb(255,255,255); LETTER-SPACING: 0pt; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal">我大惑不解的是,干与辛为什么下边加个口字就成了“舌”字和“言”字了呢?</span></p>

xzjgw 发表于 2015-6-21 12:16

先生客气了~&nbsp;<br>前面说了,不要将“后世观念”加于“文字基础义”之上,不论“后世观念”看上去多么合情合理,都属于概念的前置。 先生探讨文字基础义来源,大都引用金文字形,并将相关理解或文字观念局限于晚商及周时代,则无法理解或明晰文字之本。<br>&nbsp;甲骨文干,即倒大,从倒入(即所谓丫)从屮会意,屮为上进(即产生出生类观念),入为覆盖或尖亼类观念,那么,倒入者正相反。 大者,为下入之覆盖,倒大(干)者,为上进之侵犯(即倒覆)。<br>&nbsp;甲骨文告,从牛“或屮”从口会意,牛者,屮之繁盛者。<br>&nbsp;甲骨文出,从口“或凵”从止会意,口者,凵之有闭合者。<br>&nbsp;现实当中“蛇之舌者”与“干”之“出”“告”相类,故口干会意,可表达“舌”之观念。&nbsp;<br>&nbsp;甲骨文言,从辛从口会意,辛者,新也,物之上出者。<p></p>

xzjgw 发表于 2015-6-21 13:04

前面说过不要将文字字形固定于“某个具体事物”,如果那样做,就没办法理解文字的原始初谊。<br>也就说“石头”的“石”文字的初始与城墙一点关系都没有。“石”文字的形态只是表达一种类属化的观念而已,是已经脱离具象思维的抽象思维过程。其产生过程与具体的“石头”或“城墙”无关。<br><br>相关文字形态的来源,可以参考下面的模拟图示:<br><br><br>412<br><br><br><br><br><p></p>

华山之狐 发表于 2015-6-21 20:22

xzjgw 发表于 2015-6-21 13:04 static/image/common/back.gif
前面说过不要将文字字形% ...

<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">先生于百忙中不吝赐教且耐心细致,真真让俺感动不已。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"></span>&nbsp;</p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">但我总觉得琢磨古文字似应贴近古代先民生活,这就自然要具体些。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><img width="24" height="42" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/06/21/20150621202118597001.png"><img width="33" height="46" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/06/21/20150621202118843002.png"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">古文嚴。厂为城墙,三横为登城之台阶,正对台阶所见。</span><img width="21" height="32" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/06/21/20150621202118249003.png"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">侧对台阶所见就是一斜笔。厂上三个圆表示很多石头,</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"></span>&nbsp;</p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">守城需要滚木礌石。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><img width="55" height="70" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/06/21/20150621202118163004.png"><img width="42" height="65" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/06/21/20150621202118857005.png"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">古文嚴。从城下往城上运石头。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><img style="WIDTH: 17px; HEIGHT: 54px" width="51" height="115" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/06/21/20150621202119485006.png"><img width="43" height="52" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/06/21/20150621202119902007.png"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">古文堕。从城上往下抛掷石头(打击登城之敌)。一竖表示下落轨迹。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><img style="WIDTH: 34px; HEIGHT: 34px" width="62" height="111" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/06/21/20150621202119952008.png"><img width="32" height="35" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/06/21/20150621202119772009.png"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">古文降。从阜或从厂,从二止向下。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">一般认为阜为土山,愚以为应和厂一样是城墙。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">城墙是攻守双方争夺之地。一般情况下,城守住了,敌人撤退了,人们走下城来,这叫做降(</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">jiàng&nbsp;</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">);如果敌人过于强</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"></span>&nbsp;</p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">大,围困日久,无法坚守,这时候被迫走下城来,这叫做降(</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">xiáng</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">)。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">如果换做土山,本义和引申义的解释,就不会这么天衣无缝。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">以上拙见,不知先生认可否。</span></p>

怀剑听雨 发表于 2015-6-22 15:17

本帖最后由 怀剑听雨 于 2015-6-22 15:27 编辑 <br /><br /><p>越古老、越基础的文字,越不能用象形去解释,但是也不是所有文字都不能用象形去解释</p>
<p>不过我赞同要学甲骨文就要先学繁体字和金文,但是要想自己解读金文的疑难字,必须要先精通甲骨文</p>
<p>有些奇怪的文字源自部落的族徽,比如文王的文,武王的珷,纣王的受</p>
<p>商朝山西有个工口方,好像就是后来羊舌氏的采邑,地望在“洪洞、沁县”,言字应该源自舌字吧</p>
<p>&nbsp;http://www.doc88.com/p-7252904295767.html </p>
<p>http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4b5354b60102dqt8.html</p>
<p>那么这个善字是否源自羊舌国呢?貌似羊舌国一直给人软弱好欺负的感觉啊</p>

xuezhonglei1234 发表于 2015-6-24 09:31

告舌言三者为一字分化,木铎及铎舌形,徐中舒语。

xzjgw 发表于 2015-6-24 22:07

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<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Simsun">“</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: #fcf8f1; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">贴近古代先民生活,这就自然要具体些。”是没有错的,但是,问题在于文字不是看图说话。文字只是原始古人认识客观世界的总结出来的形态观念。是表达客观事物的类属化构成。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: #fcf8f1; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">一个文字只是两个或以上观念形态的会意(相互的结合或相互的限定)构成。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Simsun"><br>
</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">降从阜从</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Simsun">“</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">倒步</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Simsun">”</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">会意,简单来说</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Simsun">“</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">阜</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Simsun">”</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">不过是限定</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Simsun">“</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">倒步</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Simsun">”</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">的范围或所在而已。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">“阜”的原始形态来源于古人对“火光”所表现出的状态及情况的思维固化(这一思维也在后世的文字意义上得以延续:</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: white; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">《詩·鄭風》火烈具阜。《傳》阜,盛也。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">)。我们通过这个“阜”形态的形成过程,可以一窥文字形成发展的漫长过程。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: white; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">另外,在古人眼里就算是所谓“步”也非局限于“人类”:《左傳·文元年疏》日月轉運於天,猶如人之行步,故推歷謂之步歷。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: white; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">推而可知,“夅”也可指“日”,如此,我们才能够真正明白为什么“绛”为“大赤也”(段注:大赤者,今俗所謂大紅也。上文純赤者,今俗所謂朱紅也。朱紅淡,大紅濃。大紅如日出之色。朱紅如日中之色。日中貴於日出。故天子朱市。諸侯赤市。赤卽絳也。)勇者按:日出日落,其色类同,《说文解字》释降:下也。段注:</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; BACKGROUND: white; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">釋詁曰。降,落也。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; BACKGROUND: white; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">《说文解字》释夅:</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; BACKGROUND: white; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">服也。</span></p>
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<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify">&nbsp;</p>
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华山之狐 发表于 2015-6-25 16:07

<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">真诚感谢先生拨冗回帖,认真指教。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">我之把阜字解释为城墙,不是从一两个字得出的认识,而是综合考虑了好多古文字的。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><img width="49" height="46" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/06/25/20150625160615036001.png"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">比如“官”从宀从阜。城墙上的房子是城楼,城楼的作用是“观”<font face="Times New Roman">--------</font><font face="宋体">观敌瞭阵,</font></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">其目的自然是为了指挥作战。这指挥作战的人就是“官”。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><img width="58" height="56" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/06/25/20150625160615374002.png"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">古文宦,从宀从臣。《甲骨文字典》“读为贯”。我以为是观的初字。上面的宀(房</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">子)是城楼。下面的臣是一只向下的眼睛,表示从城楼向下看。观也。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><img width="57" height="82" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/06/25/20150625160615931003.png"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">宦字的异构。从宀从目从阜,这个字使上面宦字里的宀有了着落,是在城墙之上</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">的城楼。</span></p>
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