程少軒 发表于 2013-8-29 23:27

關於清華簡《筮法》八卦圖“坎離易位”的一點推測

<p style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Cambria','serif'; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 12pt 0cm 3pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">關於清華簡《筮法》八卦圖“坎離易位”的一點推測</span></p>
<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">  清華簡《筮法》有一幅八卦圖,如下:</span></p>
<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph" align="center"><span><img width="507" height="378" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2013/08/29/20130829232500797001.jpg"></span></p>
<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph" align="center"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">《筮法》八卦圖</span></p>
<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">  此圖外圍卦序與後天八卦圖大體一致,唯一不同是坎、離兩卦位置相反——這一點王寧先生已經指出。</span></p>
<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph" align="center"><span><img width="480" height="480" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2013/08/29/20130829232500802002.jpg"></span></p>
<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph" align="center"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">後天八卦圖</span></p>
<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">  《筮法》八卦圖與傳本後天八卦圖坎離位置相反,似乎有可能是因為早期文獻中兩卦與陰陽的對應關係發生過變化。</span></p>
<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">  馬王堆帛書《周易》卦序與今本不同,其排列次序以鍵(乾)、根(艮)、贛(坎)、辰(震)、川(坤)、奪(兌)、羅(離)、筭(巽)爲上卦,以鍵、川、根、奪、贛、羅、辰、筭爲下卦,然後以上卦的每一卦分別與下卦的八卦組合而形成六十四卦。</span></p>
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<table style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; BORDER-LEFT: medium none" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="1">
<tbody>
    <tr>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">上卦順序</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">乾</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">艮</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">坎</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">震</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">坤</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">兌</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">離</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">巽</span></p>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">下卦順序</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">乾</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">坤</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">艮</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">兌</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">坎</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">離</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">震</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">巽</span></p>
      </td>
    </tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">  值得注意的是,《易傳》有一段文字,當與下卦的排列順序有關。該句帛書《衷》篇寫作:</span></p>
<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 31.5pt 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体">  天地定立(位),山澤【通氣】,火水相射,靁(雷)風相<span><img width="24" height="24" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2013/08/29/20130829232500154003.jpg"></span>(薄),八卦相庴(厝―錯)。</span></p>
<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">  通過比較可以發現,《衷》篇“火水”的排列恰也與卦序相反。</span></p>
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<table style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; BORDER-LEFT: medium none" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="1">
<tbody>
    <tr>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top" rowspan="2">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">帛書下卦順序</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">乾</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">坤</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">艮</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">兌</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: yellow">坎</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: yellow">離</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">震</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">巽</span></p>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">天</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">地</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">山</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">澤</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: yellow">水</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: yellow">火</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">雷</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">風</span></p>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top" rowspan="2">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">《衷》篇文字卦序</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">乾</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">坤</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">艮</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">兌</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: yellow">離</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: yellow">坎</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">震</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">巽</span></p>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">天</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">地</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">山</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">澤</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: yellow">火</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: yellow">水</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">雷</span></p>
      </td>
      <td style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" valign="top">
      <p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">風</span></p>
      </td>
    </tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">  韓本、漢石經本該句與帛書本不同,韓本作‘雷風相薄,水火不相射’,二句顛倒,又多一‘不’字。漢石經‘薄’字以上與韓本同,以下殘缺。張政烺先生說:</span></p>
<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 31.5pt 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体">  易卦坎水離火,罕言離坎者,帛書“火水”二字顛倒,當從韓本乙正。帛書八卦順序爲乾(天)坤(地)、艮(山)兌(澤)、坎(水)離(火)、震(雷)巽(風),韓本震巽移在坎離之前,相射上又增一不字,皆與文例不合,然似學者有意爲之,非一般偶然筆誤也。</span></p>
<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">  帛書“火水”二字顛倒,會不會不是偶然的筆誤,而是保留了古本的一些遺跡呢?韓本該句的錯亂,似乎也有可能是由於坎離屬性的改變,後人再次修改造成的。</span></p>
<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">  今本《易傳》對八卦屬性的分配是:</span></p>
<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 31.5pt 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体">  乾,天也,故稱乎父。坤,地也,故稱乎母。震一索而得男,故謂之長男。巽一索而得女,故謂之長女。坎再索而得男,故謂之中男。離再索而得女,故謂之中女。艮三索而得男,故謂之少男。兌三索而得女,故謂之少女。</span></p>
<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">乾、震、坎、艮是男,為陽;坤、巽、離、兌為陰,是女。</span></p>
<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">  按照今本《易傳》,坎水屬陽,離火屬陰。但是在中國更原始的二元對立的觀念中,火無疑應該屬於陽,而水則無疑屬於陰。研究易學的學者早已指出這兩種思想存在衝突。這種衝突,在帛書《衷》篇也有反映。《衷》篇明確提出水屬陽而火屬陰:</span></p>
<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 31.5pt 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体">重陰<span><img width="24" height="24" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2013/08/29/20130829232500228004.png"></span>(者)沈,故水不吉也。</span></p>
<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 31.5pt 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体">僮(重)陽<span><img width="24" height="24" src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2013/08/29/20130829232501447005.png"></span>(者)亡,故火不吉也。</span></p>
<p style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">  比勘今本《易傳》可以發現,這種水為陰、火為陽的觀念完全消失了。這似乎可以說明,早期易學(或許只是早期易學的某些學派)曾主張離火為陽、坎水為陰,但這一學說由於與後來成為主流、並保存在今本《易傳》中的八卦陰陽屬性學說相悖,因此被拋棄了——而清華簡《筮法》和馬王堆帛書《衷》篇則保留了這一學說的一些遺跡。</span></p>

程少軒 发表于 2013-8-29 23:28

其實本來想取的題目是“學術八卦”。。。

曰古氏 发表于 2013-8-30 17:00

有道理。
霍斐然<帛书《周易》“火水相射”释疑>(《文史》第29辑)所论似乎也与这个问题有关系;
文中也谈到:八卦之中,阳卦主升,独坎主降。阴卦主降,独离主升。
并列有表格。
又,古人论卦象之阴阳,或许还与(除乾坤卦外)阴卦多阳爻、阳卦多阴爻的观念有关系。

程少軒 发表于 2014-1-11 15:13

小文是八月底看到新聞報導時寫的一則劄記。現在看到《筮法》全帙,此說似可成立。《筮法》成書較之今本《易傳》要早許多。

月下听泉 发表于 2014-1-12 17:50

附少軒帖尾談一點雜感:少軒說《筮法》成書較今本《易傳》早很多,我讀《筮法》一個突出的感受是,清華簡文字的頭緒似乎越來越複雜,由此對戰國文字也應有新的思考。此篇病、夏、屯、廌、中等字寫法與典型楚文字有異,讎寫作兩鳥頭相對,卒不用从爪形而僅寫作卒,我意大部分跟抄本較早有關而非地域特點的滲透,如屯字豎筆上為圈形明顯是從西周金文寫法來的,有些看似與他系文字特徵相合(如卒字同《唐虞之道》用字),也許亦當看成早期文字現象遺存。類似情況還有《保訓》,有齊魯和三晉影響兩種看法,現在重觀這批材料,也許主要體現的並非地域特徵而是時代特徵。各系文字分道揚鑣,形成自己非常明確的特徵性風格,比我們想像的可能要晚一點。戰國兩百多年,楚文字分期研究的時代大概已經到來了。

曰古氏 发表于 2014-1-18 11:27

<p></p>
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查看完整版本: 關於清華簡《筮法》八卦圖“坎離易位”的一點推測