小疤十七（清华大学竹书《金縢》跋）
<P>感谢安徽大学米雁《清華簡《金縢》“<SPAN lang=EN-US><IMG src="http://www.guwenzi.com/articles/1101/0791/image001.jpg" width=26 height=24></SPAN>”字試詁》一文，促使我对《金縢》文本予以思考，遂急就此篇。</P><P style="TEXT-INDENT: 32pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 16pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">清华大学藏战国竹书《金縢》，其文与晋、唐以来所传字句大致相合。其颇异者有三，一为梅颐之本于“未可以戚我先王”下，增出“公乃自以为功”数字。一为梅本之“今我即命于元龟”、“乃卜三龟，一习吉，启等见书，乃并是吉”，此亦见于《鲁周公世家》，然清华本无之。一为清华本“周公乃纳其所为</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt" lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = v ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" /><v:shapetype id=_x0000_t75 stroked="f" filled="f" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" o:preferrelative="t" o:spt="75" coordsize="21600,21600"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"></v:stroke><v:formulas><v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"></v:f></v:formulas><v:path o:connecttype="rect" gradientshapeok="t" o:extrusionok="f"></v:path><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:lock aspectratio="t" v:ext="edit"></o:lock></v:shapetype><v:shape style="WIDTH: 10.5pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" id=_x0000_i1025 alt="" type="#_x0000_t75"><v:imagedata o:href="http://www.guwenzi.com/articles/1101/0771/image017.jpg" src="file:///C:Users4AppDataLocalTempmsohtml1 1clip_image001.jpg"></v:imagedata></v:shape></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 16pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（功）、自以代王之说于金縢之匮”，于梅本则作“公归乃纳册于金縢之匮中”，《鲁周公世家》亦作“周公藏其策金縢匮中”。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt" lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 32pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 16pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">以清华本前后所云，则梅本“纳册”为是。以梅本前后所云，则清华本“纳其所为</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt" lang=EN-US><v:shape style="WIDTH: 10.5pt; HEIGHT: 12pt" id=_x0000_i1026 alt="" type="#_x0000_t75"> <v:imagedata o:href="http://www.guwenzi.com/articles/1101/0771/image017.jpg" src="file:///C:Users4AppDataLocalTempmsohtml1 1clip_image001.jpg"></v:imagedata></v:shape></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 16pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（功）、自以代王之说”为是。此何故也？</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt" lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 32pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 16pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">按梅本先周公自为功，为三坛同墠。后史乃策祝，言周公欲代武王。其于《周本纪》，则约略为“周公乃祓斋，自为质，欲代武王”。但《鲁周公世家》作“周公於是乃自以为质，设三坛”。故后世说尚书者，皆以质训功矣。</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt" lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 32pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 16pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">然洪颐煊《读书丛录》卷一谓：“‘功’通‘攻’字。《周礼</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 16pt">·</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 16pt
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