论逨盉铭文的意义
<p>论逨盉铭文的意义<br></p>
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</p> 本帖最后由 walhyh 于 2018-4-9 11:52 编辑 <br /><br /><p><span style="font-family: Tahoma, "Microsoft Yahei", Simsun; font-size: 16px; background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250);"></span>
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<p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-bottom: 6pt; text-indent: 28pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background: rgb(250, 250, 250);">需要指出的是，倘若</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background: white;">武王伐</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">殷之年</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background: rgb(250, 250, 250);">在前<span lang="EN-US">1062</span>年或<span lang="EN-US">1045</span>年的话，年代上可以和鲁国世系对接。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-bottom: 6pt; text-indent: 28pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background: rgb(250, 250, 250);">《史记<span lang="EN-US">·</span>鲁世家》云：<span lang="EN-US">“</span>武王克殷二年，天下未集，武王有疾，不豫<span lang="EN-US">……</span>其後武王既崩，成王少，在强葆之中。周公恐天下闻武王崩而畔，周公乃践阼代成王摄行政当国<span lang="EN-US">……</span>於是卒相成王，而使其子伯禽代就封於鲁。<span lang="EN-US">”</span>这表明</span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:宋体;
mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">鲁公伯禽即位的时间是在</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background: rgb(250, 250, 250);">武王既崩之后，成王即位之时。由</span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:
0pt">周厉王奔彘之年向前推<span lang="EN-US">200</span>余年，正是鲁公伯禽即位之时，这就进一步地表明了逨盉制作之年为</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background: white;">武王伐</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">殷之后<span lang="EN-US">200</span>年。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background: rgb(250, 250, 250);"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-bottom: 6pt; text-indent: 28pt; background: white;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">根据上述结果反推，逨盉的制作年代可能是在卌三年逨鼎之前的<span lang="EN-US">21</span>年至<span lang="EN-US">4</span>年之间，即厉王二十二至三十九年之间。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background: rgb(250, 250, 250);"> 逨盉铭文的意义就在于它表明了</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">逨<span lang="EN-US">4</span>器的年代很可能是在厉王时期。而且，</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background: white;">武王伐</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">殷之年很有可能是在</span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:
宋体;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">周厉王奔彘之前的<span lang="EN-US">200</span>至<span lang="EN-US">220</span>年，即前<span lang="EN-US">1062</span>年至前<span lang="EN-US">1042</span>年之间。</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma, "Microsoft Yahei", Simsun; font-size: 16px; background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250);"></span>
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<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-family: Tahoma, "Microsoft Yahei", Simsun; font-size: 16px; background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250);">鲁国世系（前1062年-前841年）</div>
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<table cellspacing="0" class="t_table" style="word-wrap: break-word; empty-cells: show; border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); table-layout: auto; width: 1392px;">
<tbody style="word-wrap: break-word;">
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<td width="111" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">国君称号</div>
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<td width="83" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="left" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">名</div>
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</td>
<td width="224" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="left" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">在位时间</div>
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</td>
<td width="106" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="left" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">在位年数</div>
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</td>
<td width="216" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="left" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">身份</div>
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</tr>
<tr style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<td width="111" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="left" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">文公</div>
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</td>
<td width="83" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">旦</div>
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<td width="224" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">前1062年-前1062年</div>
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<td width="106" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
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<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">1</div>
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</td>
<td width="216" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">周文王子，武王弟</div>
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</tr>
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<td width="111" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="left" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">鲁公伯禽</div>
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</td>
<td width="83" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">伯禽</div>
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<td width="224" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">前1061年-前1016年</div>
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</td>
<td width="106" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">46</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="216" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">周公旦子</div>
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<tr style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<td width="111" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="left" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">鲁考公</div>
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</td>
<td width="83" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">酋</div>
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<td width="224" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">前1015年-前1012年</div>
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<td width="106" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">4</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="216" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">鲁公伯禽子</div>
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</tr>
<tr style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<td width="111" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="left" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">鲁炀公</div>
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</td>
<td width="83" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">熙</div>
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<td width="224" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">前1011年-前1006年</div>
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</td>
<td width="106" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">6</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="216" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">鲁公伯禽子,鲁考公弟</div>
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</td>
</tr>
<tr style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<td width="111" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="left" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">鲁幽公</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="83" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">宰</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="224" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">前1005年-前992年</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="106" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">14</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="216" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">鲁炀公子</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<td width="111" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="left" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">鲁魏公</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="83" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">晞</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="224" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">前991年-前942年</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="106" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">50</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="216" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">鲁炀公子,鲁幽公弟</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<td width="111" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="left" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">鲁厉公</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="83" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">擢</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="224" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">前941年-前905年</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="106" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">37</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="216" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">鲁魏公子</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<td width="111" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="left" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">鲁献公</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="83" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">具</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="224" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">前804年-前855年</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="106" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">50</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="216" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">鲁魏公子,鲁厉公弟</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<td width="111" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="left" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">鲁真公</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="83" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">濞</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="224" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">前854年-前842年</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="106" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">13</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="216" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">鲁献公子</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<td colspan="5" width="740" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="left" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">鲁公伯禽即位至周厉王奔彘计220年</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-family: Tahoma, "Microsoft Yahei", Simsun; font-size: 16px; background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250);">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="left" style="word-wrap: break-word;">注：表中鲁公伯禽、鲁献公的在位年数据《汉书》，其余据《史记》。</div>
</div>
<br style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<br style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">鲁国世系（前1045年-前841年）</div>
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<table cellspacing="0" class="t_table" style="word-wrap: break-word; empty-cells: show; border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); table-layout: auto; width: 1392px;">
<tbody style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<tr style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<td width="112" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">国君称号</div>
</td>
<td width="83" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="left" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">名</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="224" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="left" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">在位时间</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="106" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="left" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">在位年数</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="216" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="left" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">身份</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<td width="112" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="left" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">文公</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="83" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">旦</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="224" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">前1045年-前1044年</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="106" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">2</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="216" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">周文王子，武王弟</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<td width="112" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="left" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">鲁公伯禽</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="83" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">伯禽</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="224" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">前1043年-前998年</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="106" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">46</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="216" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">周公旦子</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<td width="112" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="left" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">鲁考公</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="83" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">酋</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="224" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">前997年-前994年</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="106" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">4</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="216" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">鲁公伯禽子</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<td width="112" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="left" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">鲁炀公</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="83" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">熙</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="224" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">前993年-前988年</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="106" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">6</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="216" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">鲁公伯禽子,鲁考公弟</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<td width="112" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="left" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">鲁幽公</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="83" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">宰</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="224" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">前987年-前974年</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="106" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">14</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="216" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">鲁炀公子</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<td width="112" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="left" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">鲁魏公</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="83" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">晞</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="224" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">前973年-前924年</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="106" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">50</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="216" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">鲁炀公子,鲁幽公弟</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<td width="112" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="left" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">鲁厉公</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="83" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">擢</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="224" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">前923年-前887年</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="106" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">37</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="216" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">鲁魏公子</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<td width="112" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="left" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">鲁献公</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="83" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">具</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="224" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">前886年-前855年</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="106" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">32</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="216" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">鲁魏公子,鲁厉公弟</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<td width="112" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="left" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">鲁真公</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="83" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">濞</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="224" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">前854年-前842年</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="106" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">13</div>
</div>
</td>
<td width="216" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="right" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">鲁献公子</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<td colspan="5" width="741" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 16px; padding: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(227, 237, 245); overflow: hidden;">
<div align="left" style="word-wrap: break-word;">
<div align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word;">鲁公伯禽即位至周厉王奔彘计202年</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Tahoma, "Microsoft Yahei", Simsun; font-size: 16px; background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250);">注：表中鲁公伯禽的在位年数据《汉书》，其余据《史记》。</span><br>
<p></p> <p><font style="word-wrap: break-word; font-family: Tahoma, "Microsoft Yahei", Simsun; font-size: large; background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250);">论逨盉铭文的意义</font><font color="#000" style="word-wrap: break-word; font-family: Tahoma, "Microsoft Yahei", Simsun; font-size: large; background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250);"><font style="word-wrap: break-word;">【修改</font></font><font style="word-wrap: break-word; font-family: Tahoma, "Microsoft Yahei", Simsun; font-size: large; background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250);">】</font><br>
</p>
<p><font style="word-wrap: break-word; font-family: Tahoma, "Microsoft Yahei", Simsun; font-size: large; background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250);"><img src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2018/04/12/20180412092210176.jpg" border="0"><br>
</font></p>
<p><font style="word-wrap: break-word; font-family: Tahoma, "Microsoft Yahei", Simsun; font-size: large; background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250);"><img src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2018/04/12/20180412092228889.jpg" border="0"><br>
</font></p>
<p><font style="word-wrap: break-word; font-family: Tahoma, "Microsoft Yahei", Simsun; font-size: large; background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250);"><img src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2018/04/12/20180412092244109.jpg" border="0"><br>
</font></p>
<p><font style="word-wrap: break-word; font-family: Tahoma, "Microsoft Yahei", Simsun; font-size: large; background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250);"><img src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2018/04/12/20180412092302819.jpg" border="0"><br>
</font></p>
<p><font style="word-wrap: break-word; font-family: Tahoma, "Microsoft Yahei", Simsun; font-size: large; background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250);"><img src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2018/04/12/20180412092318121.jpg" border="0"><br>
</font></p>
<p><font style="word-wrap: break-word; font-family: Tahoma, "Microsoft Yahei", Simsun; font-size: large; background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250);"><img src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2018/04/12/20180412092335674.jpg" border="0"><br>
</font></p>
<p><font style="word-wrap: break-word; font-family: Tahoma, "Microsoft Yahei", Simsun; font-size: large; background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250);"><img src="/forum/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2018/04/12/20180412092350240.jpg" border="0"><br>
</font></p>
<p><font style="word-wrap: break-word; font-family: Tahoma, "Microsoft Yahei", Simsun; font-size: large; background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250);"><br>
</font></p> 本帖最后由 walhyh 于 2018-4-21 15:57 编辑 <br /><br /><p>
</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:6.0pt;mso-para-margin-bottom:.5gd;
text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-line-height-alt:0pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background: rgb(250, 250, 250);">在西周铜器中，一般是为父亲、祖父作器，而为高祖作器的则很少。据笔者所见，有以下两例：<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:6.0pt;mso-para-margin-bottom:.5gd;
text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-line-height-alt:0pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background: rgb(250, 250, 250);">冈刧卣、冈</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: PMingLiU, serif; background: rgb(250, 250, 250);">刧尊</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background: rgb(250, 250, 250);">：</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">用乍</span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:金文宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">밿</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">(</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">作朕<span lang="EN-US">)</span>高且缶</span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:金文宋體;
mso-font-kerning:0pt">깮</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">(</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">祖宝尊<span lang="EN-US">)</span>彝。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background: rgb(250, 250, 250);"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:6.0pt;mso-para-margin-bottom:.5gd;
text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-line-height-alt:0pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background: rgb(250, 250, 250);">大簋盖：</span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:宋体;
background:white">大乍</span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:金文宋體;
mso-font-kerning:0pt">깼렉</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:宋体;background:white">(</span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:宋体;background:white">作尊簋<span lang="EN-US">)</span>，用亯<span lang="EN-US">(</span>享<span lang="EN-US">)</span>于高且<span lang="EN-US">(</span>祖<span lang="EN-US">)</span>、皇考。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:6.0pt;mso-para-margin-bottom:.5gd;
text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-line-height-alt:0pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background: rgb(250, 250, 250);">冈刧卣、冈刧尊的年代在西周早期，其中的高且<span lang="EN-US">(</span>祖<span lang="EN-US">)</span>很可能就是祖父。大簋盖中高且<span lang="EN-US">(</span>祖<span lang="EN-US">)</span>、皇考并称，其中的高且<span lang="EN-US">(</span>祖<span lang="EN-US">)</span>也有可能是祖父。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:6.0pt;mso-para-margin-bottom:.5gd;
text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-line-height-alt:0pt"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:宋体;background:white">与</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background: rgb(250, 250, 250);">逨盉同一</span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:宋体;
background:white">窖藏出土的均为</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">逨所作的其余<span lang="EN-US">3</span>种铜器的作器铭文分别如下：</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;background:#FAFAFA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-bottom: 6pt; text-indent: 28pt; background: white;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">逨盘：用乍</span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:金文宋體;mso-font-kerning:0pt">밿</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">(</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">作朕<span lang="EN-US">)</span>皇且<span lang="EN-US">(</span>祖<span lang="EN-US">)</span>考宝</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 金文宋體;">깻</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">般<span lang="EN-US">(</span>尊盘<span lang="EN-US">)<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-bottom: 6pt; text-indent: 28pt; background: white;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">卌二年逨鼎</span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;color:#666666;
mso-font-kerning:0pt">：</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">用乍<span lang="EN-US">(</span>作<span lang="EN-US">)</span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 金文宋體; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">쀃</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">彝，<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-bottom: 6pt; text-indent: 28pt; background: white;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">卌三年逨鼎</span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;color:#666666;
mso-font-kerning:0pt">：</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">用乍<span lang="EN-US">(</span>作<span lang="EN-US">)</span>朕皇考龏</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">弔</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">(</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">恭叔<span lang="EN-US">)</span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 金文宋體; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">쀃</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">彝。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-bottom: 6pt; text-indent: 28pt; background: white;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">所以，逨单独为六代之前的皇高祖单公圣考作器，是十分罕见的，个中的特别意义和特殊原因，值得我们深查细究。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-bottom: 6pt; text-indent: 28pt; background: white;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">2003</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">年<span lang="EN-US">1</span>月陕西眉县马家镇杨家村发现窖藏，出土青铜器<span lang="EN-US">27</span>件，皆有铭文。<span lang="EN-US">27</span>件器中有一件盂，言<span lang="EN-US">“</span>作宝盂，其子子孙孙永宝用。天<span lang="EN-US">”</span>。从铭文看，难以知具体作器者，其氏名为<span lang="EN-US">“</span>天<span lang="EN-US">”</span>，未必属单氏。其余<span lang="EN-US">26</span>件器皆属单氏，其中包括：<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-bottom: 6pt; text-indent: 28pt; background: white;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">鬲<span lang="EN-US">9</span>件。铭文曰：<span lang="EN-US">“</span>单叔作孟祁尊器，其万年子子孙孙永宝用。<span lang="EN-US">”<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-bottom: 6pt; text-indent: 28pt; background: white;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">壶<span lang="EN-US">2</span>件。铭文曰：<span lang="EN-US">“</span>单五父作朕皇考尊壶，其万年子子孙孙永宝用。<span lang="EN-US">”<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-bottom: 6pt; text-indent: 28pt; background: white;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">匜<span lang="EN-US">1</span>件。铭文曰：<span lang="EN-US">“</span>叔五父作旅匜，其万年子孙永宝用。<span lang="EN-US">”<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-bottom: 6pt; text-indent: 28pt; background: white;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">扁盉<span lang="EN-US">1</span>件。铭文作：<span lang="EN-US">“</span>逨作朕皇高祖单公圣考尊盉，其万年子孙永宝用。<span lang="EN-US">”</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-bottom: 6pt; text-indent: 28pt; background: white;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">盘<span lang="EN-US">1</span>件。作器者是逨，有铭文约<span lang="EN-US">370</span>字（失铸一字）。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-bottom: 6pt; text-indent: 28pt; background: white;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">鼎<span lang="EN-US">12</span>件。作器者皆是逨。两件为四十二年鼎，<span lang="EN-US">10</span>件为四十三年鼎<span lang="EN-US">(</span>内中<span lang="EN-US">8</span>件各自全铭，另两件合成全铭<span lang="EN-US">)</span>。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-bottom: 6pt; text-indent: 28pt; background: white;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">在上述诸器中，盂口沿下与圈足饰顾龙纹，腹部饰波纹，从纹饰及铭文字体看，应在西周中期偏晚。其余诸器由形制、纹饰及铭文字体看，皆应在西周晚期。几件叔五父、单五父、单叔所作器时代应相近同。显然，单叔、单五父、叔五父应该是同一人。单为氏名，叔为行辈，五父为字。器主人行辈为叔。但此单叔是否即逨，单从铭文似很难断定。单叔<span lang="EN-US">(</span>叔五父、单五父<span lang="EN-US">)</span>所作器与逨器，从器形、纹饰、字体观察皆应属同时器。其家族进入西周晚期后，在逨之前先后为懿仲、龔叔。懿仲行辈为仲，不可能是单叔；但龔叔行辈为叔，是有可能称单叔或叔五父的。所以，就现有资料而言，此单叔<span lang="EN-US">(</span>叔五父、单五父<span lang="EN-US">)</span>既有可能是逨之父龔叔，也可能即是逨本人<span lang="EN-US">(</span>其行辈从现有铭文看尚不清楚<span lang="EN-US">)</span>。但是，从本窖藏所藏之器的年代跨度与懿仲、龔叔和逨所处年代相对映这一点来看，此窖藏出土器物为逨一家三代所有的可能性似更大一点。换句话说，单叔<span lang="EN-US">(</span>叔五父、单五父<span lang="EN-US">)</span>是逨之父龔叔的可能性似更大一点。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-bottom: 6pt; text-indent: 28pt; background: white;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">既然是逨一家三代所拥有的青铜器，怎么会出现逨单独为六代之前的皇高祖单公圣考作器现象呢？<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-bottom: 6pt; text-indent: 28pt; background: white;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">笔者以为，逨为单公作盉之年很有可能就是</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">武王伐</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">殷之后<span lang="EN-US">200</span>年。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-bottom: 6pt; text-indent: 28pt; background: white;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">那么，逨为什么要在</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">武王伐</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">殷<span lang="EN-US">200</span>年之际为单公作器呢？<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-bottom: 6pt; text-indent: 28pt; background: white;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">在这里，我们有必要梳理一下逨与</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">单公和</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">周王之间的相互关系。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-bottom: 6pt; text-indent: 28pt; background: white;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">据逨盘铭文，逨的先辈与周王相互关系为：<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-bottom: 6pt; text-indent: 28pt; background: white;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">皇高且单公</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">←→</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">文王武王；</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:6.0pt;mso-para-margin-bottom:.5gd;
text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-line-height-alt:0pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background: white;">皇高且公叔</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background: white;">←→</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background: white;">成王；</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14pt; background: white;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:6.0pt;mso-para-margin-bottom:.5gd;
text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-line-height-alt:0pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background: white;">皇高且新室中</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background: white;">←→</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background: white;">康王；</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14pt; background: white;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:6.0pt;mso-para-margin-bottom:.5gd;
text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-line-height-alt:0pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background: white;">皇高且惠中盠父</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background: white;">←→</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background: white;">卲王、穆王</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14pt; background: white;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:6.0pt;mso-para-margin-bottom:.5gd;
text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-line-height-alt:0pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background: white;">皇高且零白</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background: white;">←→</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background: white;">龏王、懿王；</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14pt; background: white;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:6.0pt;mso-para-margin-bottom:.5gd;
text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-line-height-alt:0pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background: white;">皇亚且懿中</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background: white;">←→</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background: white;">考王、夷王；</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14pt; background: white;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:6.0pt;mso-para-margin-bottom:.5gd;
text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-line-height-alt:0pt"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background: white;">皇考龏叔</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background: white;">←→</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background: white;">厉王；</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14pt; background: white;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:6.0pt;mso-para-margin-bottom:.5gd;
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background:white"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">事实求是地讲，在逨盘铭文中，对其祖先的称颂可能有夸大的成分，其先辈与周王的相互关系也并不一定严格对应。但是，两个世系的顺序应该不会错。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-bottom: 6pt; text-indent: 28pt; background: white;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;"></span>
</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-bottom: 6pt; text-indent: 28pt; background: white;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">“单公”<span lang="EN-US">,</span>是单氏之祖<span lang="EN-US">,</span>……<span lang="EN-US">,</span>这是第一代单公，其主要功绩是“夹绍文王、武王达殷”，即单公辅佐文王、武王推翻了殷人的统治<span lang="EN-US">,</span>建立了周朝；“公叔”，应是单公的第三个儿子，并由其分出了公叔氏。“新室仲”，当为公叔的次子，由他从公叔氏分出了属于仲这一行辈的新支<span lang="EN-US">,</span>不一定是人名。他们是逨的先辈中<span lang="EN-US">,</span>年代相当周初的几个重要人物。西周中期以来昭王以下庙制开始发达<span lang="EN-US">,</span>不但分昭、穆<span lang="EN-US">,</span>谥法也非常流行<span lang="EN-US">,</span>如这里的“惠”、“灵”、“懿”、“恭”<span lang="EN-US">,</span>都是谥法用字。其人名前所加的“伯”、“仲”、“叔”都是行辈字。这里面<span lang="EN-US">,</span>只有“惠仲盠父”是以字称<span lang="EN-US">,</span>“逨”是以名称<span lang="EN-US">,</span>其它都不著名、字。逨的四世祖考<span lang="EN-US">,</span>包括惠仲盠父<span lang="EN-US">(</span>高祖<span lang="EN-US">)</span>、灵伯<span lang="EN-US">(</span>曾祖<span lang="EN-US">)</span>、懿仲<span lang="EN-US">(</span>祖父<span lang="EN-US">)</span>和龚叔<span lang="EN-US">(</span>父亲<span lang="EN-US">),</span>灵伯是惠仲的长子<span lang="EN-US">,</span>还属于惠仲这一支<span lang="EN-US">,</span>但他的儿子懿仲是次子<span lang="EN-US">,</span>必须分出另一支<span lang="EN-US">,</span>所以称为“亚祖”。“亚祖”以上<span lang="EN-US">,</span>一律称为“高祖”这些“高祖”<span lang="EN-US">,</span>只是单氏家族中与逨有关也比较有名的人。其中公叔、新室仲和惠仲都是小宗。这表明，逨在单氏家族中并不是直系后代，而是小宗里面的小宗，旁系当中的旁系。按照西周宗法，祭祀单公应该是其直系后裔的特权，逨是没有这个权力的。也就是说，在西周这种高官显位被世家直系后裔把持的社会中，逨即使受到了周王赏识，被赐予了高官厚祿，其地位也是很难会被社会认可。所以，笔者认为，逨单独为六代之前的皇高祖单公圣考作盉的目的就是要借</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">武王伐</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">殷<span lang="EN-US">200</span>年之际表明<span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">他也有权享有和单公真系后裔一样的权利。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span>
<p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:6.0pt;mso-para-margin-bottom:.5gd;
text-indent:28.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-line-height-alt:0pt;
background:white"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;">如果，笔者的这一看法能够成立，则<span lang="EN-US">4</span>种逨器的制作年代也就可以定在厉王时期，而不是宣世。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
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